Resume
Consequences of the Largest Nuclear Accidents: Chernobyl vs. Fukushima
doc. Ing. Jozef Sabol, DrSc., prof. Ing. Bedřich Šesták, DrSc., Faculty PA Security Management of the Czech Republic in Prague, Department of Crisis Management
This article briefly characterizes the area of use of nuclear energy for electricity production. Although current modern nuclear power plants are very safe, it is never possible to completely exclude the possibility of an incident or accident. The paper pays attention to description of the two major accidents that occurred at Chernobyl in Ukraine and at Fukushima in Japan. Lessons learned from these accidents led to the strengthening of security measures at nuclear power plants, not only in terms of construction and safety systems, but also by developing consistent and efficient measures in dealing with the consequences of any potential nuclear emergencies, where the main objective is to minimize their impact on the exposure of people and environmental radioactive contamination.
Keywords: nuclear power plant, nuclear accident, Chernobyl, Fukushima, exposure of people to radiation, radio-active contamination.